![]() ![]() Fortunately, for this group of patients, nephrectomy and ablative therapies are potentially curative approaches. 2 Therefore, patients with early-stage RCC account for a growing proportion of all patients with newly diagnosed disease. 1 Additionally, the diagnosis at an early stage has become more frequent in recent years. Approximately two-thirds of patients with newly diagnosed RCC have localized or locally advanced disease, mainly owing to the increased use of imaging. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) will be diagnosed in an estimated 65,340 persons in the United States in 2018. It also discusses the future of adjuvant treatment in RCC. This review presents a comprehensive, chronologic examination of studies addressing adjuvant treatment in RCC, focusing on the key differences between similar approaches. Ongoing studies of targeted treatments and immune checkpoint inhibitors may clarify the effectiveness of these agents in the near future. However, another large study of adjuvant sunitinib in a slightly different patient population did not confirm these results. For example, a recent study found that disease-free survival was longer with sunitinib than with placebo in high-risk clear cell RCC, which led to the regulatory approval of sunitinib. Most treatment approaches before the targeted treatment era did not improve patient outcomes, or study results were mixed. Adjuvant approaches now extend beyond conventional immunotherapies, such as interferon alfa and interleukins, to targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Abstract: In parallel with advances in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), multiple adjuvant treatments have been tested for RCC. ![]()
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